Basophils were found in human peripheral blood by Paul Ehrlich 140 years ago. These kinds of cells represent <1% of the peripheral blood leukocytes and they have also been identified in other species,...

There are two main mechanisms of immunity within the adaptive immune system – humoral b lymphocytes cell mediated immunity and cellular (t lymphocytes cell mediated immunity). Humoral immunity and cell-mediated...

Apoptosis is a regulated process of cell death that occurs during embryonic development as well as maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The appearance of non-regulated apoptosis involves the possibility...

Flow cytometry (FMC) is a multi-parametric cellular analysis technique that, using fluorochrome- labelled antibodies, allows the simultaneous measurement of multiple physical characteristics of a cell. Flow...

Long-term protective immune responses to viral infections or vaccines result from the combined actions of B lymphocytes (responsible for humoral antibody immunity) and T lymphocytes (responsible for...

Flow cytometry is a powerful multiparametric cell analysis technique that, using fluorochrome-labelled antibodies, allows the simultaneous measurement of multiple physical characteristics of a cell...

To date, the vast majority of the serological test for SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies are based on serum detection of antibodies to either the viral spike glycoproteins (the major target for neutralising...